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Rich River Exploration Ltd.
Scotch Creek ~ (Oxide Facies)
Iron Formation ~ Au, Ag, Cu
Introduction
The Scotch Creek property has been located to cover a large area of gold soil anomalies, massive sulphide showings and gold bearing stratigraphy.
The positive results to date are based on a program of property exploration conducted by MPH Consulting Limited for Nexus Resource Corporation, in the early to mid 1980’s.
The primary target of this exploration was an auriferous siliceous oxide facies iron formation. (Hawkins, P. Geo.1983)
The style of gold mineralization on the Scotch Creek property was said to be comparable to known large tonnage gold deposits in eastern Canada, such as the famous Dome mine, in the Opapimiskan Lake area.
This was based on geology, geochemistry, structural controls and associated economic grades of mineralization.
Iron formation hosted gold deposits account for significant world gold production. The famous Homestake Mine in the state of South Dakota, U.S.A. is an iron formation gold deposit. It has yielded 40 million troy ounces, equivalent of 1,350 tons of gold, since mining began more than 125 years ago.
Iron formation hosted gold deposits, worldwide, have a combined gold production exceeding 100 million ounces per year.
Examples of (BIF) Banded Iron Formation Gold Deposits
Lupin and Cullaton Lake B-Zone (Northwest Territories, Canada),
Detour Lake, Madsen Red Lake, Pickle Crow, Musselwhite, Dona Lake, (Ontario, Canada)
Homestake (South Dakota, USA)
Mt. Morgans (Western Australia)
Location & Access
The Scotch Creek claims are in the Kamloops mining division of BC. The property lies north of Shuswap Lake between Scotch and Hlina creeks, on NTS map sheet 82L/14W at Latitude, 50 58 N and Longitude 119 25 W.
The property is accessed via the Trans Canada Highway 112 Km. east of Kamloops BC to Squilax. Thence along the north shore of Shuswap Lake to Celista. The all weather Meadow Creek gravel road follows Hlina creek to the northwest.
New logging roads trend from upper Meadow Creek road on to the property accessing the showings and diamond drill sites.
These new roads provide excellent access and post date the main exploration on the property.
The Scotch - Hlina forest service road provides alternate claim access and is used as the main haul road.
General Location Map
History
The Scotch Creek area was first recognized as a placer gold camp in the period from 1885-1887. In this period, over one thousand five hundred and nineteen ounces of gold was recovered. The gold was reported to be course well rounded pellets and flakes, with an average fineness of 842.
Placer gold mining activity still continues on this creek today.
The native gold is said to be derived from the abundant mineralized quartz veins and stringers in the immediate area. However the true bedrock source of the native gold has yet to be discovered.
Iron formation mineralogy has been known to include native free gold as disseminations and in cross cutting quartz veins and veinlets.
Placer gold has also been recovered from Hlina Creek, in an area directly below and down stream of the property.
The Scotch Creek property is located on a large prominent, fairly flat topped ridge between the gold bearing Scotch and Hlina creeks.
Numerous polymetallic, vein and massive sulphide mineral deposits have been explored for and discovered, in close proximity to the Scotch Creek property.
The area is host to several known occurrences of sedex base metals, Noranda Kuroko VMS showings and pollymetalic veins.
Regional Geology Map
Regional Geology
The Scotch Creek property is underlain by the Lower Cambrian Johnson Lake unit of the Eagle Bay assemblage. The dominant rock type on the property is a pyritic, mafic to intermediate volcanic unit (Greenstone) which has undergone greenschist facies metamorphism.
Typically, exposures are weakly to well foliated, dark green to grey, calcareous and spotted with calcite and/or iron carbonate rhombs. Overprinting the greenschist metamorphism is locally intense quartz-carbonate- sericite alteration, probably associated with hydrothermal activity along shear zones and fracture systems.
Scotch Creek claims ~ General Geology
The Scotch Creek property is located near
the intersection of two major fault systems.
Property Geology
The claims are underlain by a west-northwest trending sequence of Devonian-Mississippian Eagle Bay Formation (EBF) mafic to felsic meta- volcanics and volcaniclastics, quartzite, siliceous carbonate rocks, interbedded black argillites, conglomerate and sandstone.
Widespread soil and rock chip geochemistry has identified highly anomalous gold and multi element values.
A pyritic, ferruginous chert horizon (siliceous oxide facies iron formation) has been traced and tested to date, by diamond drilling over a strike length of at least 1300 metres. Typical exposures are mottled grey and black to mottled grey and purple. Generally, it is aphanitic to fine grained with locally intense quartz-carbonate veining. Banding is visible locally.
Iron mineralization includes local jasper to 10 per cent, magnetite to 50 per cent and hematite to 30 per cent. Pyrite content ranges from trace amounts to 15 per cent and occurs as disseminated cubes between 0.5 and 8 millimeters. Traces of chalcopyrite are present locally.
Gold grades tend to increase with quartz carbonate alteration and the amount of pyrite present.
Pyritic vuggy ferruginous chert
(Scotch Creek Property)
Mineralization
Previous sampling of trenches located on the property have returned results of 0.045 oz/t gold over 5.9 metres.
Other trench sampling has returned results ranging from 10 ppb to 7000 ppb (7 gpt) gold over widths of up to 4.6 metres.
Samples of the iron formation taken from drill core analyzed up to 9.05 grams per tonne gold and 29.0 grams per tonne silver over 0.22 metre, and 1.21 grams per tonne gold and 1.1 grams per tonne silver over 5.46 metres.
Chip samples over 1.3 metres have returned results of 4.20 grams per tonne gold.
The iron formation has been folded and re-folded into an overturned anticline which plunges to the northwest. Gold grades increase towards the hinge zone.
The iron formation has been known to thicken up to 13 metres (42 feet) in the hinge zones.
The 1986 diamond drilling program intersected gold bearing Iron formations ranging in thickness from 0.23 m to 13.09 m. And having a combined thickness of up to 32.42 metres (105 feet).
Geological mapping has defined four distinct rock units on the property and located areas of widespread auriferous iron formations.
Outcrop sampling results range up to 26,000 ppb (26 gpt) gold, from an altered andesite and silicified, quartz flooded chlorite schist. Iron formations and pyritic stockwork quartz veining are also known to occur in this area.
This high grade gold area has not been adequately explored on surface or at depth. The potential gold bearing zones are untested for approximately 700 metres between this area and other known surface gold showings.
New Massive Sulphide Showing
Scotch Creek Area
Property work has delineated several strong soil anomalies on the property. Three of the four known gold bearing siliceous iron formation outcrop areas, have associated copper soil anomalies. At least eight areas highly anomalous in silver are also scattered throughout the grid area.
These silver anomalies seem to correlate with areas of known limestone sub-crop. A large Ag-Pb soil anomaly is located near a magnetic high.
Two RGS till sample locations occur on the claim. One near the middle and one near the southern portion of the property.
One sample ran 17 ppb gold and one ran 42 ppb gold.
These unexplained anomalous till results could possibly be derived from extensions to the auriferous iron formations.
Or undiscovered gold bearing stockwork quartz carbonate veining within the meta-volcanics.
Auriferous Pyritic Chert
An old shaft and several old trenches have been located on the property this is probably the old Shuswap occurrence.
The Shuswap showing was described as several open cuts and two adits that have been driven on a 1.8-metre wide quartz vein containing segregation's of galena and pyrite in schistose rocks (Minister of Mines Annual Report 1934, page D29)
The old trenches explored chalcopyrite-pyrite-galena mineralization in stockwork quartz veins. A chip sample taken in 1984, over one half metre ran 1.18% copper.
The Shu occurrence is also located within the boundaries of the new Scotch Creek property.
Four main rock units are recognized in this area and comprise chloritic phyllite including metavolcanic rocks, limestone, metachert, and argillite with lesser sandstone and pebble to cobble conglomerate. Locally, there are dacitic and rhyolitic as well as feldspar porphyritic basaltic dikes.
Pyritic Quartz Vein Sample & Ferruginous chert
(Scotch Creek Claim)
Pyrite occurs in a massive to semi-massive form. As well as disseminated, oxidized, euhedral porphyroblasts in various rock types. Coarse to finely disseminated pyrite occurs in quartz sericite schists, quartz veins, chlorite schists, iron formation, greenstones and fractures. Limonite staining and limonite-lined, cubic vugs are very common. Hematite and specular hematite occur to a lesser degree.
A chip sample taken from an altered, interlaminated siltstone with fine-grained sandstone analyzed 1.3 grams per tonne gold.
Compilation Map
of gold bearing areas
Discussion
Significant iron formation gold deposits ranges from six to seventeen grams per tonne gold and contain one to five million tonnes.
In Ontario, the Detour Lake mine contains a resource of 48 tonnes of gold and the Madsen Red Lake deposit produced 75 tonnes. The Pickle Crow Deposits 45 tonnes and the Central Patricia 19 tonnes.
At the Lupin mine 6.66 Mt of ore grading 10.63 g/t Au were produced between 1982 and the end of 1993 with remaining reserves of 5.1 Mt averaging 9.11 g/t.
Model of hypothetical basin in which iron carbonates and iron sulphides
have been deposited in distinct facies ( from: Guilbert and Pack, 1986 )
Iron-formation hosted gold deposits, rank as world class and remain attractive exploration targets.
For example, the great Homestake mine has produced over 1000 tonnes of gold since starting production in 1876.
Although this type of deposit has not been officially documented in British Columbia.
The Scotch Creek property exhibits characteristics and similarities to other known siliceous and auriferous Iron formation gold deposits.
This is based on geology, geochemistry, structural controls and associated economic grades of mineralization.
The discovery and official recognition of this deposit model in British Columbia, could create quite a lot of attention.
Airborne and ground electromagnetic and magnetic surveys and induced polarization surveys can be very useful to detect and map the high sulphide and magnetite content of many of these types of deposits.
AeroMag
Property work in the form of prospecting, geological mapping, geophysical and geochemical exploration and diamond drilling is definitely warranted. To further explore, this iron formation hosted gold deposit model.
Iron Pot ~ (Sulphide Facies)
Iron Formation ~ Au - Ag - Cu - Ni
Introduction
Banded Iron-formation (BIF) - hosted gold deposits are a particularly attractive global exploration target.
For example, the Homestake and Morro Velho mines belong to this classification and they are among the world's largest gold producers.
Generally, gold deposits in banded iron formations (BIF's) contain from 0.1 to 100 million tonnes of ore grading between four and thirty grams of gold per tonne.
The IRON POT property was staked after prospecting for banded iron formation gold, in an area considered favorable for this type of deposit model.
New showings of predominately massive iron sulphides and very extensive alteration zones have been recently discovered over an area greater than two kilometres by five hundred metres.
The Scotch Creek banded iron formation Au-Ag-Cu property is located just a few kilometres to the east.
Property
The original old Iron Pot occurrence is located on the bank of a small unnamed creek which flows into Scotch Creek from the west.
A number of highly mineralized sulphide zones striking east and dipping south are exposed in the area.
Mineralization comprises massive pyrrhotite with some galena, sphalerite and chalcopyrite. The mineralisation occurs within a zone of about at least 122 metres wide at this location.
The best showing is at the highest point on the side of the hill on the foot wall of the zone. Two short tunnels had been driven at this point. It has been reported that "some fair gold values have been obtained from the lower seams and that nickel is also found with the pyrrhotite" (Minister of Mines Annual Report 1930, page A189).
Prospecting reports (circa 1975) describes a quartzite body
(chert horizon?) and volcanic rocks, both containing chalcopyrite mineralization.
New Massive Sulphide zone
900 metres from the main showings
Regional Geology
The area of the showing is underlain by the Devonian and/or older? Woolford Creek unit and Devonian Skwaam Bay unit, both of the Eagle Bay assemblage.
Regional Geology Map
X = Iron Pot Showings
Some of the mineralisation on the Iron Pot property appears to be of a VMS style. However the property exhibits other model characteristics as well. There are numerous zones that bear strong similarities to a banded iron formation (BIF) type.
The geological model that is currently being investigated on the IRON POT property, is a sulphide facies (BIF) banded iron formation type gold deposit.
Banded iron formation-hosted gold deposits consist of gold inter-grown with quartz and/or sulphide minerals in deformed and structurally complicated iron-rich sedimentary rocks.
In general, most of these types of deposits can be defined as a variety of the mesothermal lode gold type.
The banded iron formation (BIF) host rocks are thinly layered sedimentary rocks with alternating iron-rich and cherty (siliceous) layers; the BIF's can have considerable lateral extents.
There are different types of BIFs, defined on the basis of the mineralogy of the iron-rich layers.
Banded sulphides and mineralized chert horizon
(Iron Pot property)
If the iron-rich layer is dominantly magnetite-hematite, then the BIF is termed an oxide facies, (Scotch Creek Property)
If the layer is composed of mostly pyrite and / or pyrrhotite (iron sulphides) then the BIF is called a sulphide facies,
(Iron Pot Property)
All BIF's are classified as chemical sediments, which means that they formed through chemical precipitation from sea water on the sea floor. Other sedimentary textures in the BIFs suggest deposition in shallow water on submarine continental shelves.
Gold occurs as native (free) gold inter-grown with pyrite and/or pyrrhotite; arsenopyrite and/or magnetite are also present in some deposits.
Other accessory and trace minerals are similar to those found in mesothermal lode gold deposits, such as sphalerite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, scheelite, and molybdenite.
Quartz, in the form of crosscutting veins, is also a common alteration association and, most typically, the gold is inter-grown with sulphides in the quartz veins. Chlorite is also a common alteration product.
Deposit Characteristics
BIF-hosted gold deposits are thought to form by the reaction of auriferous and sulphur-bearing hydrothermal fluids with the iron oxide (or sulphides) in country rocks, causing precipitation of gold and sulphides.
The gold is present in quartz veins or the immediate wallrock, wherein the precipitation reactions occur.
As such, the deposits are said to be stratabound (i.e., the gold is contained within a single stratigraphic unit, but the mineralization can cut across the layering in the unit) because the specific chemical horizon responsible for gold precipitation is represented by a single sedimentary horizon.
Access to the favorable chemical environments of the BIF for the hydrothermal fluids was provided by large-scale fault and shear systems in a manner similar to that visualized in mesothermal type lode gold models.
The newly discovered showing of
Massive Pyrrhotite, Pyrite, Chalcopyrite
(Iron Pot claims)
The main points in both variations to the genetic model for these deposits are that deformation either provided permeable pathways for the gold-bearing ore fluids along faults, or caused remobilization of pre-existing gold accumulations, essentially enriching and upgrading gold concentrations.
The Iron Pot property is located adjacent to a large regional fault (Scotch Creek Fault) and is in contact with a Cretaceous Dioritic Gabbroic Intrusive.
Exploration should focus on highly deformed, structurally complicated portions of BIFs within greenstone belts, especially where regional fault-shear systems cut through.
The dominant structural style of the deformation manifested at most gold-bearing BIFs is folding; hence the contorted fold zones in a BIF would also be a favorable exploration target.
The Scotch Creek fault is a large regional structure that is cut by several smaller faults.
Isoclinal folding as well as small to medium scale faulting and shearing is evident in outcrop on the Iron Pot claims.
Though deformation is strongly developed in these types of deposits. Metamorphic grade usually does not exceed greenschist facies.
Exploration related to these deposits should concentrate on portions of iron formations that are sulphide facies, ie; (Iron Pot) or on areas with sulphide alteration overprinting oxide facies BIFs. (Scotch Creek - Iron Pot ) transition zones.
The Bank showing ~ 30 metres from the Lucky 5
900 metres from the Iron Pot occurrence
The Bank showing consists of a 2 metre wide zone of massive;
pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and possibly pentlandite.
The Iron Pot property is a relatively unexplored prospect.
Certainly the property has never been explored for a banded iron formation type of gold deposit.
As far as it is known, the property has never been tested by diamond drilling. Recent prospecting has discovered several new showings of massive sulphides. As well as areas of intense alteration, that occurs over an area greater than two kilometres by five hundred metres.
Strong iridescence in the sulphides has been noted in several locations on the property. This could be attributed to the copper content, from chalcopyrite or tetrahedrite and / or the nickel content from pentlandite.
Massive Pyrrhotite with Pyrite, Chalcopyrite, Pentlandite?
( Iron Pot property )
Discussion
Banded iron formation-hosted gold deposits are important in terms of Canadian and U.S. gold production. This is illustrated by mines such as the Lupin and Musselwhite in Canada and the Homestake in South Dakota USA.
Since the associated veins and BIFs are frequently relatively narrow high grade units, mining is typically done by an underground operation. This type of mining has the least impact on the land surface and the environment.
The IRON POT claim area has excellent road access and infrastructure. The claims are traversed by a main power transmission line and most of the mineral showings are road accessible.
This would facilitate a cost effective property exploration and diamond drilling program.
Further exploration for a sulphide facies iron formation gold deposit on the Iron Pot claims is definitely warranted.
It is possible that the Iron Pot (Sulphide Facies) BIF property could be included within an option agreement and exploration program conducted on the Scotch Creek (Oxide Facies) Iron formation Au-Ag-Cu property.
Rich River is in the process of researching the available data and prospecting near the newly discovered showings. Further information and results will be posted as soon as they become available.
These properties are offered for sale, by way of working option to purchase.
Contact us, for more detailed information.
Or to discuss participating in this project
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